The Use of Rice Harvest Residue as Soil Amendment for Growth and Yield of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) on Acid Sulfate Soil
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23960/jtep-l.v12i4.968-978Abstract
The area of rice fields in Indonesia decreased every year. Acid sulfate soil, which was sub-marginal land, had the potential to be converted into rice fields, but it needed improvement, one of which was by using organic materials as ameliorants. This research aimed to obtain the best composition of applying rice harvest residue as an ameliorant on acid sulfate soil in improving the growth and yield of rice. The research was conducted at the greenhouse of Panca Bhakti University Pontianak from January to April 2022. This study used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments consisted of: p0: Control, p1: Rice straw = 40 gr/polybag, p2: Rice husk = 40 gr/polybag, p3: Rice husk charcoal = 40 gr/polybag, p4: Rice husk ash = 40 gr/polybag, p5: Rice straw + rice husk, p6: Rice straw + rice husk charcoal, p7: Rice straw + rice husk ash, p8: Rice husk + rice husk charcoal, p9: Rice husk + rice husk ash, p10: Rice husk charcoal + rice husk ash, with each material weighing 20 gr/polybag. The observation variables were plant height, number of tillers, number of productive tillers, dry weight of grains per hill, and 100-grain weight. Analysis of variance used F-test and continued with Least Significant Difference (LSD) test at the 5% level. The application of rice harvest residue had a better effect on the growth and yield of rice than the treatment without the application of rice harvest residue. Treatment p6 had the best effect on the dry weight of grains per hill, which was 65.67 grams.
Keywords: Acidic Sulfate Soils, Ameliorant, Rice, Rice husk charcoal, Straw
References
Abdillah, M.H., & Widiyastuti, D.A. (2022). Peningkatan kualitas kimia tanah sulfat masam dengan aplikasi kombinasi bahan organik lokal dan limbah agroindustri. Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia, 27(1), 120-131. https://doi.org/10.18343/jipi.27.1.120
Adiningsih, S.J., & Rochayati, S. (1988). Peranan bahan organik dalam meningkatkan efisiensi penggunaan pupuk dan produktivitas tanah. Proceeding Lokakarya Efisiensi Pupuk. Cipayung 16 –17 November 1987.
Andayani, S., & Hayat, E.S. (2019). Pengayaan kompos tandan kosong kelapa sawit dengan lumpur laut dan biochar sekam padi pada tanaman padi di tanah sulfat masam. Agritech : Jurnal Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto, 21(1), 44-54. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/agritech.v21i1.3595
Annisa, W., & Purwanto, B.H. (2010). Retensi P oleh oksida besi di tanah sulfat masam setelah reklamasi lahan. Jurnal Sumber Daya Lahan, 4(1), 47–56.
Avifah, N., Zainabun, Z., & Jufri, Y. (2022). Pemberian beberapa macam amelioran untuk memperbaiki sifat-sifat kimia tanah sawah. Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian, 7(1), 1-8.
Barus, J. (2011). Uji efektivitas kompos jerami dan pupuk NPK terhadap hasil padi. Jurnal Agrivigor, 10, 247-252.
BPS Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. (2014). Kalimantan Barat dalam Angka. Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Kalimantan Barat, Pontianak.
Duckworth, O.W., Holmstrom, S.J.M., Pena, J., & Sposito, G. (2009). Biogeochemistry of iron oxidation in circumneutral freshwater habitat. Chemical Geology, 260, 149 – 158. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemgeo.2008.08.027
Fahmi, A., Radjagukguk, B., & Purwanto, B. H. (2009). Kelarutan posfat dan ferro pada tanah sulfat masam yang diberi bahan organik jerami padi. Jurnal Tanah Tropika, 14(2), 119 - 125.
Farni, Y. (1998). Pengaruh Pemberian Berbagai Jenis Abu Tanaman terhadap Perubahan Beberapa Sifat Kimia Tanah Gambut dan Hasil Padi Gogo. [Master Thesis]. Universitas Jambi.
Gharieb, A.E.S., Metwally, T.F., Abou-Khadrah, S.H., & Glelah, A.A. (2015). Rice soil properties and nutrients uptake as affected by compost and antioxidant application. International Journal of Chemtech Research, 8(4), 1543-1555.
Gonzalo, M.J., Lucena, J.J., & Hernandez-Apaolaza, L. (2013). Effect of silicon addition on soybean (Glycine max) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) plants grown under iron deficiency. Plant Physiol. Biochem, 70, 455-461. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.06.007
Gupta, V. (2011). Microbes and soil structure. Encyclopedia of Earth Sciences Series, 470–472. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3585-1_91.
Hanafiah, K.A. (2007). Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Tanah. Raja Grasindo Persada. Jakarta.
Hendra, H., Nelvia, N., & Wardati, W. (2014). Aplikasi amelioran jerami dan sekam padi pada tanah gambut terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi kedelai. J. Agrotek. Trop., 3(2), 45-51.
Hendra, H. (2000). Pengaruh Pemberian Abu Jerami Padi terhadap Ketersediaan P dan K pada Ultisol serta Hasil Padi Gogo. [Master Thesis]. Universitas Jambi.
Ifansyah, H., & Saidy, A.R. (2019). Sifat kimia tanah dan pertumbuhan tanaman padi yang dipupuk dengan kompos jerami diperkaya Azotobacter pada sistem pertanaman SRI dan konvensional. Seminar Nasional Lingkungan Lahan Basah, 4(1), 60–64.
Kementerian Pertanian. (2022). Menggenjot Indeks Pertanaman Padi Nasional. Direktorat Jenderal Tanaman Pangan. https://tanamanpangan.pertanian.go.id/detil-konten/iptek/74. (Diakses pada 28 April 2023).
Khairullah, I., & Noor, M. (2018). Upaya peningkatan produktivitas padi melalui pemupukan di lahan pasang surut sulfat masam. Jurnal Penelitian Agros, 20(2), 123-133.
Kurnia, N., Sasli, I., & Wasian. (2021). Pengaruh pemupukan fosfat dan kalium terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil gabah padi hitam di sawah tadah hujan. Jurnal Teknologi Pangan dan Agroindustri Perkebunan, 1, 1-9.
Kurniawan, Y., & Widodo. (2009). Keragaan empat varietas lokal padi pada pemberian amelioran tanah ultisol, abu sekam padi dan dolomit di lahan gambut. Jurnal Akta Agrosia, 12(1), 45–50.
Lucky, M., Yasin, S., & Gusnidar. (2020). Potensi kompos jerami padi plus Tithonia diversifolia dan biochar sekam padi dalam memperbaiki serapan hara NPK dan pertumbuhan padi (Oryza sativa L.) sawah intensifikasi. Gontor AGROTECH Science Journal, 6(3), 233-249.
Maghdalena, M., Widiastuti, D., & Lantang, B. (2017). Pelatihan pembuatan biochar dari limbah sekam padi menggunakan metode retort kiln. Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(2), 129-35.
Manurung, R, Gunawan, J., Hazriani, R., & Suharmoko, J. (2017). Pemetaan status unsur hara N, P dan K tanah pada perkebunan kelapa sawit di lahan gambut. Jurnal Pedon Tropika, 3(1), 89-96.
Masulili, A., Suryantini, & Irianti, A.T.P. (2014). Pemanfaatan limbah padi dan biomasa tumbuhan liar Cromolaena odorata untuk meningkatkan beberapa sifat tanah sulfat masam Kalimantan Barat. Buana Sains, 14(2), 7-18.
Nurlaila, N., Aziz, A.F., Heiriyani, T., & Sari, N.N. (2021). Aplikasi amelioran di tanah sulfat masam terhadap dinamika amonium dan nitrat pada beberapa stadia umur padi. Agrovital : Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian, 6(2), 81-86. http://dx.doi.org/10.35329/agrovital.v6i2.2374
Ohorella, S., & Hilmanto, R. (2011). Kajian kandungan bahan organik tanah yang tersimpan pada lahan agroforestri dengan sistem tebas dan bakar (slash and burn). Jurnal Agrohut, 2(2), 119-127.
Puja, I.N., & Atmaja, I.W.D. (2018). Kajian status kesuburan tanah untuk menentukan pemupukan spesifik lokasi tanaman padi. Agrotrop, 8(1), 1-10.
Pusparani, S. (2018). Karakterisasi sifat fisik dan kimia pada tanah sulfat masam di lahan pasang surut. Jurnal Hexagro, 2(1),1-4
Rahmah, S., Yusran, Y., & Umar, H. (2014). Sifat kimia tanah pada berbagai tipe penggunaan lahan di desa Bobo kecamatan Palolo kabupaten Sigi. Warta Rimba, 2(1), 88-95.
Riono, Y., & Apriyanto, M. (2020). Pemanfaatan abu sekam padi dalam inovasi pemupukan kacang hijau (Vigna radiata L.) di lahan gambut. Jurnal Selodang Mayang, 6(2), 60-69. https://doi.org/10.47521/selodangmayang.v6i2.164
Santoso, B., Irsal, & Haryati. (2013). Aplikasi pupuk organik dan benziladenin terhadap pertumbuhan dan produksi tanaman rosela (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.). Jurnal Online Agroteknologi, 1(4), 978-986.
Saputra, R.A., & Sari, N.N. (2021). Ameliorant engineering to elevate soil pH, growth, and productivity off paddy on peat and tidal land. IOP Conf. Ser.: Earth Environ. Sci. 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/648/1/012183
Sembiring, I.S., Wawan, & Khoiri, M.A. (2015). Sifat kimia tanah dystrudepts dan pertumbuhan akar tanaman kelapa sawit (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) yang diaplikasi mulsa organik Mucuna bracteata. JOM Faperta, 2(2), 1-11.
Shamshuddin, J., Shazana, R.S., Azman, E.A., & Ishak, C.F. (2014). Properties and management of acid sulfate soils in Southeast Asia for sustainable cultivation of rice, oil palm, and cocoa. Advances in Agronomy, 124, 92-136. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-800138-7.00003-6
Siregar, B. (2017). Analisa kadar C-Organik dan perbandingan C/N tanah di lahan tambak Kelurahan Sicanang Kecamatan Medan Belawan. Jurnal Warta, 53, 1-14.
Suhartatik, E. & Sismiyati, R. (2000). Pemanfaatan pupuk organik dan agent hayati pada padi sawah. In Tonggak Kemajuan Teknologi Produksi Tanaman Pangan. Buku 2: Paket dan Komponen Teknologi Produksi Padi (Eds. Suwarno et al.). Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Tanaman Pangan, Bogor.
Sunadi, S., Herman, W., & Yessirita, N.Y. (2019). The influence of pruning time of tiller and cow manure doses on growth and yield of paddy rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the SRI method. INA-Rxiv Paper. https://doi.org/10.31227/osf.io/de3a9.
Suriani, M., Mahbub, M., & Rodinah. (2020). Pengaruh kompos jerami padi terhadap kelarutan ferro (Fe2+) dan pH tanah serta pertumbuhan tanaman padi ciherang di tanah sulfat masam. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi, 3(1), 55–61.
Susilawati, A., & Nursyamsi, D. (2013). Residu jerami padi untuk meningkatkan produktivitas tanah sulfat masam berkelanjutan. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan, 7(1), 27-37.
Syahrudin, S., Radian, R., & Wasian, W. (2021). Tanggap pertumbuhan padi varietas argo pawan terhadap pemberian lumpur laut dan pupuk NPK pada gambut di Kabupaten Ketapang. Jurnal Pertanian Agro, 23, 255 -264.
Zahrah, S. (2011). Aplikasi pupuk bokashi dan NPK organik pada tanah ultisol untuk tanaman padi sawah dengan sistem SRI (System of Rice Intensification). Jurnal Ilmu Lingkungan, 5(2), 114-129.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
- Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International Lice that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).
Jurnal Teknik Pertanian Lampung
JTEPL is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
